§÷®Æ¬ì¾Ç¾É½×
¤C. ¬Û ÅÜ (Phase Transformation)

 

          ¤Æ¾Ç¦¨¤À¤£ÅÜ¡Aª¬ºA§ïÅÜ „³ (1) ©T¤Æ¡B(2) ©TÅéµ²´¹ºc³y§ïÅÜ¡K
          ¥Ñ¤@¬Û¤À¸Ñ¦¨¨â¬Û (¦¨¤À»Pºc³y§¡§ïÅÜ) „³ austenite to ƒÑ-Fe & Fe3C
 
1. ¬ÛÅܪººØÃþ
        
      A. ÂX´²§@¥Î³y¦¨ªº¬ÛÅÜ (diffusional transformations)
          ¸g¦¨®Ö§@¥Î(nucleation):
              ªR¥X (precipitation reactions)
              ¦@ªR (eutectoid transformations)
              ³W«h¤Æ (ordering reactions)
              ¡H (massive transformations)
              ¦h¬Û (polymorphic changes)
 
          ¥¼¸g¦¨®Ö§@¥Î:
              Spinodal Decomposition ¡V ¦¨¤À§ïÅܦӺc³y¥¼ÅÜ¡C
 
      B. µLÂX´²§@¥Îªº¬ÛÅÜ (diffusionless transformations)

 

2. ³W«h-¤£³W«h¬ÛÅÜ (Order-Disorder Transformation)
 
      A. ¼ö¤O¾Ç: ³Ì¾aªñ­ì¤l¤ÏÀ³¼Ò«¬ (nearest-neighbor interaction model ¡V
                                                         regular solution model)
              
              U ¤@­ì¤lªºÁäµ²¯à (the bond energy per atom)
              If  >  0     AA©MBB ªºÁäµ²¸û¦³§Q¡C
                            „±  ÂO¶° (¡§clustering¡¨) „± ¬Û¤ÀÂ÷ (¡§phase separation¡¨)
              If  <  0     AB Áäµ²¸û¦³§Q¡C
                            „±  ³W«ß (¡§ordering¡¨)   „±  ²V¦X (¡§mixing¡¨)
      B.  ¶W´¹®æ (Superlattice): ¥u¦³·í­ì¤l¼Æ¤ñ¬O¤p¾ã¼Æ®É¤~¥i¯à¡C
              ·í CA = CB = 50% „± §Î¦¨ ¡§AB ¶W´¹®æ¡¨
 

„±

3. ¬ÛÅܪº¶¥ (Order of a Phase Transformation)
 
      A. ¤@¶¥¬ÛÅÜ (First order Phase Transformaiton)
              ¼ö¤O¾Ç¨ç¼Æªº¤@¦¸·L¤À¤£³sÄò¡C
              ¨Ò¦p: ²GÅé¾®µ²¦¨©TÅ骺¬ÛÅÜ¡C
 
      B. ¤G¶¥¬ÛÅÜ (Second order Phase Transformaiton)
              ¼ö¤O¾Ç¨ç¼Æªº¤@¦¸·L¤À³sÄò¡A¦ý¤G¦¸·L¤À¤£³sÄò¡C
              ¨Ò¦p: ¶À»É¤§¤£³W«h¬ÛÅÜ¡C

 

4. µLÂX´²§@¥Îªº¬ÛÅÜ¡X³Â¥Ð´²ÅK¬ÛÅÜ
 
      A. ³Â¥Ð´²ÅK (Martensite)
          ¨U´µ¥ÐÅKaustenite (FCC, ¥i§t¦h¨ì0.8% C);
              ªÎ²ÉÅKferrite (BCC, 0.01%C)
          ¨U´µ¥ÐÅKaustenite (FCC) «æ³t§N«o
              ³Â¥Ð´²ÅKmartensite (BCT, °wª¬´¹Åé)
 
      B. ¬ÛÅܶ´¤Æ (Transformation Toughening) ¡V ¡§ceramic steel¡¨
          ¯Â ZrO2 ¨Ã¤£·|¬ÛÅܶ´¤Æ¡C
          Ã­©w¥¿¤è®ñ¤Æèp (stabilized Cubic Zirconia)
              ¥[¤JCaO, MgO, Y2O3, CeO2, rare earth oxides.
          ³¡¤Àí©w®ñ¤Æèp (Partially Stabilized Zirconia, PSZ)
¬Û
Tm
±K«×
¬ÛÅÜ
Cubic
2500-2600
~5.8
at 2370oC Tetra.
Tetragonal
2677
6.1
at 950-1200oC Mono.
Monoclinic
5.56

 

          °Ý ÃD¡G¬°¤°»ò·|¦³¤HºÙ§÷®Æ¬ì¾Ç¬°¡u¤£¥­¿Å¬ì¾Ç¡v¡H
          °Ý ÃD¡G¬°¤°»ò¦b±`·Å±`À£¤U¤£¥­¿ÅªºÆp¥Û¤£·|Åܦ¨¥­¿Åªº ¥Û¾¥¡H
          °Ý ÃD¡G¬°¤°»ò³Â¥Ð´²ÅK¬ÛÅܹï¿ûÅK·~«D±`­«­n¡H³Â¥Ð´²ÅK¦³¤°»ò¯S®í©Ê½è¡H

 

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