§÷®Æ¬ì¾Ç¾É½× |
1. ²¤¶ |
³oºØ§÷®Æ¦³¦h±j¡H¯à©Ó¨ü¦h¤jªº¤O¤£·|¥Ã¤[ÅܧΡH |
¤@©wªºt²ü¤§¤U¡A³oºØ§÷®Æ·|«ç»òÅܧΡHÅܦh¤Ö¡H |
¥Î¤°»ò¤èªk¥h´ú¸Õ¡H |
2. §Ü©Ô¸ÕÅç(The tensile test (¡§pull test¡¨)) |
A.
À³¤O¹ïÀ³Åܦ±½u (stress versus strain curve) |
-- ( ©ÔÀ³¤Otensile stress, ; ©ÔÀ³ÅÜtensile strain, e) |
(a) ¤uµ{À³¤O(engineering stress, ) |
= P/Ao = (t²ü¡Aload) / (ºI±¿n) |
(b) ¤uµ{À³ÅÜ(engineering strain, ) |
ƒÕƒÕ = (l-lo) / lo = l / lo = (¦ùªøªºªø«×) /¡]ì¨Óªºªø«×¡^ |
(c) ¯u¹êÀ³¤O»PÀ³ÅÜ(true stress and strain) |
¢w¦]¬°§Ü©Ô¸ÕÅ窺¸Õ¼Ë·|µo¥Í¡¨neck down¡¨ |
B. ¥Dn¾÷±ñ©Ê½è¡]¥Ñ§Ü©Ô¸ÕÅç¨D±o¡^¢w¢w |
(a) ¼u©Ê¼Ò¼Æ (modulus of elasticity, E) |
(b) °¥ñ±j«× (yield strength, Y.S.) |
(c) §Ü©Ô±j«× (tensile strength, T.S.) |
(d) ©µ©Ê (ductility, 100 xfailure) |
percent elongation at failure |
(e) ¶´©Ê (toughness = ƒÕ) |
C. À³¤O¹ïÀ³Åܦ±½uªººØÃþ |
(a) Brittle fracture |
(b) Plastic deformation |
(c) Plastic deformation with yield point |
¨Ò¥~¡G ¡]1¡^³³²¡¤]¨ã¶ì©Ê |
ÆQ©¥ºc³yªº³³²¡¦pLiF, NaCl, MgO |
¢w¨ã·Æ°Ê¨t²Î¡A¬G¤]·|¶ì©ÊÅܧΡC |
¡]2¡^ ª÷Äݤ]¨ã¯Ü©Ê |
¢w ¦UºØ¦Xª÷ (alloy)¡AűÅK(cast iron)¡A |
ª÷Äݶ¡¤Æ¦Xª« (intermetallic compounds)¡C |
3. ¦UºØ¼u©Ê±`¼Æªº©w¸q |
A. ·¨¤ó«Y¼Æ
[Young¡¦s modulus, E (Hooke¡¦s
Law)] |
B. °Å¤O¼Ò¼Æ (shear modulus, modulus of rigidity, G = £n¢A£^ ) |
C. Åé¿n¼u©Ê«Y¼Æ (bulk modulus, B = -£Gp/(£GV/V)) |
D. »ZªQ¤ñ (Poisson¡¦s ratio, v ) |
¨Ò¡G³¡¥÷§÷®Æ¦b«Ç·Å¤Uªº¼u©Ê©Ê½è |
4. ¼²À»¸ÕÅç [impact test ] ¡V impact engergy & toughness |
A. ¯Ê¤f |
(a) µL¯Ê¤f (Unnotched) |
(a) V§Î¯Ê¤f (V-notch) resistance to crack propagation. |
(a) Æ_°Í¤Õ¯Ê¤f (Key-hole notch) |
B. ·Å«×¹ï¼²À»¸ÕÅ窺¼vÅT |
¡X ÂàÅÜ·Å«× (transition T) |
C. ¤º¦b»P¥~¦b¯Ê¤f¹ï¼²À»¸ÕÅ窺¼vÅT |
¡X ©µ©ÊÅK¡]§t²yª¬¥Û¾¥¡^»P¦ÇÅK¡]§t¤ùª¬¥Û¾¥¡^ |
5. ³³²¡ªº¾÷±ñ©Ê½è |
A. µõ»Ø»PÀ³¤O¶°¤¤(Cracks
and Stress Concentration) |
B. ³³²¡ªº¦UºØ±j«×´ú¸Õ¤èªk |
(a) §Ü©Ô±j«× (tensile strength) |
(b) Ås¦±±j«× [bend strength (Modulus of Rupture)] |
(c) À£ÁY±j«× (compressive strength) |
(d) Âù¶b±j«× (biaxial strength) |
6. µw«×ªº´ú¸Õ¤èªk |
A. µõ»Ø»PÀ³¤O¶°¤¤(Cracks
and Stress Concentration) |
(a) Brinell (BHN), |
(b) Vickers (VHN), |
(c) Knoop (KHN), |
(d) Rockwell ( RA,C,D,B,F,G,E) |
B. ©TÅ骺¤º»E¯à(cohesive energy)»Pµw«×ªºÃö«Y |
C. ´XºØ±`¥Îµw«×¨t²Î¤ñ¸û |
7. ¼çÅܸÕÅç [creep test ] |
A. ³æ´¹¤§¶ì©ÊÅܧΠ|
B. ¼çÅܦ±½u (¤T´Á¡Gprimary, secondary, final) |
8. ³æ´¹ |
A. ¤j©ó 1/2 Tm
(µ´¹ï·Å«×K) |
B. ´¹Å餤ªº·Æ°Ê¨t²Î (slip systems) |
°Ý ÃD¡G¬°¤°»ò³³²¡·|³o»òµw«o¯Ü¦Ó©ö¯}¡H |
°Ý ÃD¡G¬°¤°»òª÷ÄÝ¥u¬OÅܧΦӤ£·|¯}¡H |
°Ý
ÃD¡Gª÷ÄÝ»P³³²¡ªº¾÷±ñ©Ê½è¦p¦¹¤£¦P¡An¦p¦ó´ú¸Õ¡H |